PCOD / PCOS Treatment - Causes, Symptoms & Management

Polycystic Ovary Disease (PCOD), also known as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), is a common hormonal disorder affecting women of reproductive age. It is characterised by a hormonal imbalance that can lead to irregular menstrual cycles, excessive hair growth (hirsutism), acne, weight gain, and difficulty conceiving.

At DermaClinix, we provide a comprehensive and personalised treatment approach to help women manage PCOD/PCOS effectively under expert medical supervision.

Common Symptoms of PCOD / PCOS

Symptoms may vary from person to person. However, the most frequently reported symptoms include:

Irregular or missed periods due to lack of ovulation

Darkening of skin in areas like the neck or underarms

Weight gain or difficulty losing weight

Excess facial or body hair (hirsutism)

Hair thinning or scalp hair loss

Infertility due to irregular ovulation

Mood swings, anxiety, or depression

Acne and oily skin

What Causes PCOD/PCOS?

There is no single cause of PCOD, but several contributing factors include

Genetics

A family history of PCOS
increases the likelihood of
developing the condition.

Certain genetic variations are
associated with hormonal
imbalances seen in PCOS.

Insulin Esistance

Many women with PCOS have insulin
resistance, where the body's cells don't
respond well to insulin, leading to
increased insulin levels.

High insulin levels can stimulate the
ovaries to produce more androgens,
exacerbating symptoms of PCOS.

Excess Weight

Chronic low-grade inflammation
may also play a role in the
development of PCOS.

This inflammation can contribute
to insulin resistance and excessive
androgen production.

Genetics

Low-grade inflammation can stimulate androgen production and worsen insulin resistance

Treatment Options for PCOD / PCOS

While there is no permanent cure, PCOD can be successfully managed with lifestyle modifications and medical intervention.

Oral Contraceptives: Regulate periods, reduce acne and unwanted hair
Oral Contraceptives: Regulate periods, reduce acne and unwanted hair

Anti-Androgens

Spironolactone: Reduces hair growth and acne
Flutamide / Finasteride: Used in select cases to reduce excess androgens

Insulin Sensitizers

Metformin: Improves insulin resistance, promotes ovulation, supports weight loss

Clomiphene Citrate (Clomid) Regulate periods, reduce acne and unwanted hair
Letrozole (Femara): Increasingly preferred due to better ovulation and pregnancy rates
Gonadotropins: Injectable hormones if oral drugs are ineffective

Surgical Option: Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling (LOD)

A minimally invasive surgery using laser or cautery to create small holes in ovaries
Reduces androgen levels and promotes ovulation
Recommended if medications do not work

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is PCOD?

PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) is a hormonal disorder in which the ovaries produce excessive androgens (male hormones), leading to irregular menstrual cycles, ovarian cysts, and other health issues.

What are the common symptoms of PCOD?

Irregular or missed periods
Weight gain or difficulty losing weight
Acne and oily skin
Excessive hair growth (hirsutism)
Thinning hair or hair loss
Fatigue and mood swings
Difficulty in conceiving

What causes PCOD?

PCOD is primarily caused by hormonal imbalances, genetics, insulin resistance, and lifestyle factors such as poor diet and lack of exercise.

How is PCOD diagnosed?

Doctors diagnose PCOD through:

Medical history and symptom evaluation
Blood tests to check hormone levels
Ultrasound to detect ovarian cysts

Is PCOD the same as PCOS?

No, PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) and PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) are different. PCOD refers to enlarged ovaries with small cysts, while PCOS is a more severe metabolic condition affecting overall health and fertility.

Can PCOD be cured?

There is no permanent cure for PCOD, but symptoms can be managed effectively through lifestyle changes, medications, and hormonal therapy.

What lifestyle changes help manage PCOD?

Eating a balanced diet with low sugar and processed foods
Regular exercise to maintain a healthy weight
Managing stress through yoga, meditation, or therapy
Getting enough sleep

Can PCOD affect pregnancy?

Yes, PCOD can cause difficulty in conceiving due to irregular ovulation. However, with proper medical treatment and lifestyle adjustments, many women with PCOD can conceive successfully.

What are the complications of untreated PCOD?

Type 2 diabetes
High blood pressure
Heart disease
Infertility
Depression and anxiety

How can PCOD be treated?

Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and may include:

Birth control pills to regulate periods
Medications like Metformin to control insulin resistance
Anti-androgen drugs for excessive hair growth and acne
Lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet and regular exercise

Can PCOD be prevented?

There is no definite way to prevent PCOD, but maintaining a healthy lifestyle, exercising regularly, and managing stress can reduce the risk of developing severe symptoms.

When should I see a doctor?

Consult a doctor if you experience:

Irregular or missed periods for several months
Difficulty getting pregnant
Severe acne or excessive hair growth
Sudden weight gain

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Common Symptoms of PCOD / PCOS

What Causes PCOD/PCOS?

Genetics

Insulin Esistance

Excess Weight

Genetics

How Is PCOD / PCOS Diagnosed?

Treatment Options for PCOD / PCOS

Anti-Androgens

Insulin Sensitizers

Surgical Option: Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling (LOD)

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